Retrospection - fourth Chapter of Qur’an - Quran Chapter 4 -176 (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-638) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4 -176 (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-638) - درس قرآن 

Retrospection - fourth Chapter of Qur’an

Suratun-Nisaaa’  (The Women) – Chapter – 4)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

Lessons of Suratun-Nisaaa’ ended on previous lesson. Let’s review it briefly, so that its subjects may be revised in mind.

In this Chapter, maximum topics are regarding the rights of the women, good behavior with orphans, unsuitable deeds of the hypocrites, and rules for distribution of hereditary. False faiths of the Jews and the Christians have been explained and it has been guided “How to correct them”. Why are these matters in this Surah? For understanding, following is compulsory to be known.  

This Surah was revealed in the last part of 4^th year of Hijrah {fourth year of coming of the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) in Madinah}. Before its inspiration, during 2^nd year of Hijrah, the famous Battle of Badr was fought, in which Muslims obtained a full victory over the Infidels. In 3^rd year of Hijrah, the people of Makkah assaulted over Madinah again, and the Muslims came out of Madinah and assembled at the place of Uhud for fighting. Both parties fought bravely. At first, the Muslims succeeded. After that, due to mistake of some people, their victory was changed into defeat. Many Muslims were martyred. Their children became orphans. Mention of this Battle has passed in Surah ‘Aali-‘Imraan before it.  

In the Battle of Uhud, the Hypocrites troubled very much. Before beginning of the Battle, they had been separate along with their people. Even then the Muslims obtained victory. But due to a little error, they faced defeat. Some Muslims were killed. The reason of this entire loss was that some people interfered with their opinion and they did not obey the command of God’s Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him).

When some period passed, the Muslims returned to their good health and spirit, then this Chapter was revealed. In it, they were instructed - to save lives and wealth of those children who became fatherless in the Battle, to care the rights of the women that they should not be treated unjustly. The rule for distributing the hereditary of those people who had died, were explained.

Due to behavior of the Hypocrites, they suffered abundant loss. Their conspiracies and plans were disclosed and the Muslims were instructed that they should be careful from them.

Due to defeat of Muslims in the Battle, the Jews were very happy and they began to oppress the Muslims. They broke mutual covenants and treaties, and became so much arrogant that they began to say that the way of the Infidels of Mecca is better than Islam. In this Surah, vice of villainies of the Jews and the Christians has been described to them, and it has been commanded to the Muslims that they should be careful and vigilant from them. False beliefs of the Jews and the Christians have been corrected. At the end, after describing about reward of Belief and good works, solution of remaining problems in respect of the estate and property of the deceased person has been explained.               

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/fZjstEIJYSo