Quran Chapter 4 -176
(Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-637) - درس قرآن
Remaining commands about hereditary
Suratun-Nisaaa’ (The Women) – Chapter – 4)
‘A-‘uu-zu
Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِٱللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِى ٱلْكَلَٰلَةِ إِنِ ٱمْرُؤٌا۟ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُۥٓ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ فَإِن كَانَتَا ٱثْنَتَيْنِفَلَهُمَا ٱلثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ وَإِن كَانُوٓا۟ إِخْوَةً رِّجَالًا وَنِسَآءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَن تَضِلُّوا۟ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۢ (176
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176. They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say!
Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die
childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have
inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then
theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and
women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. And Allah is Knower
of all things.
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176. Yastaftuunak, QuLIllaahu
yuf-tiikum fil-Kalaalah. ‘Inimru-‘un halaka
lay-sa lahuu wa-ladunw-wa lahuuu ‘ukh-tun
falahaa nisfu maa tarak. Wa huwa
yarisu-haaa ‘illam yakul-lahaa walad. Fa-‘in
kaanasna-tayni fala-humas-sulusaani mimmaa tarak.
Wa ‘in kaanuuu ‘ikh-watar-rijaa-lanw-wa
nisaaa-‘an faliz-zakari mislu hazzil-‘un-sa-yayn.
Yubayyi-nUllaahu lakum ‘an- tazilluu. Wallaahu
bi-kulli shay-‘in ’Aliim.
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Commentary
Kalaalah – (infirm and feeble), here this verse signifies towards a person, who
has only brothers and sisters, and does not have either father or children.
Tazilluu – (you err), this word has been
derived from the word zalaalat,
which means ‘error’, but there is such a situation in this composition that the
people, who know Arabic language, understand the word “no” or “not” with it.
Therefore it means “Do not err” or “You err not”.
It
has been replied in this verse about the question, “If any dead person had only
own or step brothers and sisters, and had not either father or son, then what
portion of hereditary would they get”? Brothers and sisters are of three types. Own brothers and
sisters, those, who have same father and mother, are called ‘ainii. Step-brothers
and sisters, who are brothers and sisters from the side of father only, they are
called ‘alaatii and the Brothers or sisters by the same
mother but by a different father are called ‘akhyaafii. For further detail about Kalaalah please review Lesson # 517 Verse 12b
of this chapter.
Allah Almighty
expounds that if there is no heir of the dead person, other than brother and
sister, then the hereditary will be given to them as explained:
1.
If the heir is only
one sister, she will be given half from the entire hereditary of her dead
brother’s wealth. That is to say; if the dead person does not have father or
son, then portion from the hereditary of her brother for her is equal to a
daughter.
2. If the sister has died and the heir is only a
brother, he will be given entire wealth of his sister.
3. If the dead brother left two or more sisters living
behind, they all will get two-thirds of the total hereditary.
4.
If the heirs are many
mixed brothers and sisters, then entire wealth will be distributed in to them
with the ratio that each male will be given double from each female.
Allah Almighty
pronounces these points so that you may be saved from error and be not confused
at the time of distress.
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