Divorce and the term of probation for a woman
Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)
Stage – 1, Verses – 226 to 228a of 286, Section
– 28 of 40 (Part - 2)
BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful
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226. Those who forswear their wives must wait four months;
then, if they change their mind, lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
227. And if they decide upon divorce (let them remember that)
Allah is Hearer, Knower.
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226. Lillaziina yu’-luuna
min-nisaaa-‘ihim tarabbusu ‘arba-‘ati ‘ash-hur.
Fa-‘in-faaa-‘uu fa-‘innAllaaha Gafuurur-Rahiim.
227. Wa ‘in azamut-talaaqa fa-‘innAllaaha
Samii-‘un ‘Aliim.
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Lesson
Yu’-luuna – (who forswear), this word has
been derived from ‘iilaa which means forswear. Idiomatically
its aim is to swear for living separate from the wife. It was common custom in
the Arabians that whenever they used to come in rage, they forswore to remain
separate from their wives.
Talaaq – (divorce),
according to law, disconnecting the mutual relationship entirely among husband
and wife is called ‘divorce’, repudiation. Different methods about divorce were
customary in the world before Islam. There was no restriction or responsibility
in the matter of divorce among the Jews. Whenever any individual wished, he got
rid of his wife writing a divorce letter only. The wife could wed another
husband at the same time. Comparing this freedom, the Christians chose very
difficult way. They kept no accommodation for husband and wife to be separate,
except that the wife becomes guilty of fornication. The same condition is of
the Indian religion. The divorce is still unlawful for them till today. On the
contrary, Islam adopted the way of temperance.
It was mode of
Arabians that after forswear, which was a kind of divorce according to them,
used to become free from paying the expenditures of their wives, performing
other duties and responsibilities for them. Islam corrected this rule and told
that forswearing is not equal to breaking the marriage knot, but it is only the
beginning. Islam has determined length of time for meditation, consideration
and period for this long time kept four months, which is quite sufficient for
this purpose that the husband may think with cool heart on all aspects and this
important matter of separation from his wife.
Islam has permitted
with the condition that if the husband feels faithfully that if his life
partner; either doesn’t cooperate with him or doesn’t fulfill his lawful
desires, then he should divorce her, despite it that they pine away their
entire lives and remain displeased from each other. It is better that they
should be disconnected.
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228a. Women who are
divorced shall wait, keeping themselves apart, three (monthly) courses. And it is not lawful for them
that they should conceal that which Allah hath created in their wombs if they
are believers in Allah and the Last Day.
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228a. Wal-mutallaqaatu
yatarab-basna bi-‘anfusi-hinna salaasata quruuu’.
Wa laa ya—hillu lahunna ‘any-yaktumna maa khalaqAllaahu
fiii ‘ar-haa-mihinna ‘in-kunna yu’-minna BIllaahi
wal-Yawmil-‘Aakhir.
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Lesson
‘Al-mutallaqaatu – (the divorced women), each
that woman who has been divorced, is called mutallaqah. According
to the religious laws; it aims those wives only, who are free, adult and act of
intercourse has been performed with them, not those women who are lawful
bondwomen, minor or who have not been touched with any adult male.
Yatarab-basna bi-‘anfusi-hinna –
(they shall wait, keeping themselves apart), for instance; it should not
be as that hither the husband divorced her wife and thither she wedded any
other husband. Likewise, this relationship will become just a game.
Salaasata quruuu-‘in – {three (monthly) courses},
literal meaning of qur’ is only a
specified period but here it means menstruation.
Maa khalaqAllaahu – (which Allah has created),
the thing which is in the womb, that is to say; if she is pregnant then she
should not conceal her pregnancy.
It has been
mentioned in this verse that if the husband has divorced her wife then that
woman should not marry immediately another husband. Moreover she would have to
wait not less than three (monthly) courses. There are many advisabilities for
example; the husband gets chance of consideration and meditation with cool
heart. On the other side; the belief regarding pregnancy becomes matured. Like
this, the children of one person can’t get the other. So, it is duty of the
woman that she should disclose which is in her belly.
This term is
called ‘iddat in the Divine law of the Religion. As though;
two lessons have been commanded here:
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It is reasonable to wait for a specified period after
divorce.
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If she is pregnant then she should not conceal but disclose it.
There are uncountable moral and social advantages in these both
orders.
The matters which
are being discussed continuously regarding divorce in this part of Holy Qur’an, demand our special attention,
because in the present epoch; the divorce has become a joke in the world. A few
women would be in the West who don’t get divorce, and they are tyrannized in
the East but are not divorced. There is a dire need to publicize this temperate
teaching of Islam nowadays.
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