Trading is permitted but Usury is
forbidden by God
Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)
Stage – 1, Verse – 275 of 286, Section – 38 of
40 (Part 1/4th of 3)
BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful
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275. Those who swallow
usury cannot rise up save as he ariseth whom the devil hath prostrated by
(his) touch. That is because they say; Trade is just like usury. Whereas
Allah permitteth trading and forbiddeth usury. He unto whom an admonition
from his Lord cometh, and (he) refraineth (in obedience thereto), he shall
keep the profits of) that which is past, and his affair (henceforth) is with
Allah. And as for him who returneth (to usury), such are rightful owners of
the Fire. They will abide therein for ever.
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275. ‘Allaziina
ya’-kuluunar-Ribaa laa yaquumuuna ‘illaa kamaa
yaquu-mullazii yata-khabbatuhush-Shay-taanu mi-nal-mass.
Zaalika bi-‘annahum qaaluuu
‘innamal-Bay-‘u mis-lur-Ribaa. Wa ‘ahallAllaahul-Bay-‘a
wa harramar-Ribaa. Faman-jaaa-‘ahuu maw-‘iza tum-mir-Rabbihii
fanta-haa fa-lahuu maa salaf. Wa ‘amruhuuu ‘ilAllaah.
Wa man ‘aada fa-‘ulaaa-‘ika ‘As-haabun-Naar. Hum
fiihaa khaaliduun.
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Lesson
‘Ar-Ribaa – (Usury,
exorbitant interest), literal meanings of this word are getting access and more
than enough, particularly abundance in the capital (funds). In the expression
of the Religious Law of God Almighty, it means ‘the interest on the real loan’
or to gain without retaliation and to want more on actual wealth. Near Arabs,
it meant that superfluous sum, which any creditor used to receive in
retaliation and which is called interest nowadays. Some people have begun to
say it profit instead of interest. In this manner, by changing the word, the
truth does not change.
Mi-nal-mass – {by (his) touch},
as the senses of a humankind use to set out due to clinging of a demon.
Maw-‘iza tum-mir-Rabbihii – (an admonition from his Lord), that is to say; the Command
that the Usury is forbidden.
Maa salafa – (that which is
past), it aims that which Usury has already been taken or paid before the proclamation
that the Usury is forbidden, that will not be called to a severe account.
Minute inquiry will begin after announcement of clear orders and it has been
strictly forbidden to swallow the Usury.
Badness Of The Usury
Before revelation of
the verse “Usury as becoming unlawful and forbidden”, Allah Almighty had
explained about the excellence of alms and charity. Because gentleness arises
in the matters of the poor due to alms and charity, and disgust is born against
impoliteness. Many evils are removed, feelings of morality, politeness,
faithfulness, causing to gain others and passion to serve the humankind spring
up. Therefore, their importance declared unfolding them.
Now the description
about unlawfulness of the Usury begins. It is entirely opposite to the charity
and alms. If the politeness increases due to charity, then cruelty increases
due to Usury. Hence, the recitation of unlawfulness and forbidden state of
Usury has come immediately after making mention about excellence of alms and
charity, which is utmost suitable and opportune at its
place.
It has been described
in this verse that on the Day of Resurrection Usurers will not be able to stand
upright at the time of getting up from their graves. Rather they will suffer
staggering with difficulty like insane and mad. We can see entirely same scene
in this world. Moneylenders and bankers become lunatic following the money. It
seems that any demon or ghost has closed them by winding round. Every time they
use to think about the Usury.
Allah Almighty has mentioned
the reason also about the people fallen into this condition on the Doomsday.
They say, “Trade is just like Usury”, as financial profit is intent in trading,
just as this financial gain also remains in view in the Usury/interest. While
Trading is permitted then why the Usury is forbidden, whereas they do not know
that morally and economically; the difference between Trade and Usury is too
much as the difference between the sky and the earth. The moneylender gets
fixed amount of Usury in each condition without fear of loss and doubt.
Opposite to this; apprehension of both remains ‘profit or loss’ in the Trade,
and the Merchant have to spend time, hardworking and brain etc. to save himself
from the loss. Afterwards the Trade uses to end or become less, but Usury
increases along with delay and duration. Up to this stage, that usually the
Borrower reaches the situation of ruin and destruction.
If we consider a
little thoughtfully about the reality of Usury, then a question will arise,
“Hindmost this retaliation is of which thing? What is this ultimate except most
ill looking of hanging-on? In view of this entire badness, Allah Almighty has
forbidden the Usury/Interest for advisability and betterment of the humanity.
In brief, its evils are as under:
Hardheartedness
arises in the Usurer. His avarice increases. Due to wealth’s coming in hand
without hardworking, indolence and laziness grows. Unevenness also comes due to
spending the gratis wealth, and this wealth is wasted in luxuries. Habit of
selfishness is born. Stinginess and reciprocal enmity runs over. Destruction
and disgrace of indebted person exist beside also.
Allah Almighty
commanded excusing the people that the person who abstains after listening to the
advice and order of determining the Usury as unlawful, his previous Usury will
be forgiven. But who will not refrain, he will burn in the Fire of Hell for
ever.
The people of the
world changed the names of Usury. But, how its badness and results can be
changed? We, the Muslims need special attention to see in to this matter.
Otherwise, Law of Islam will suffer a stain due to our behavior and we shall
not be able to escape ourselves from these
badness.
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