Quran Chapter
4-92a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-582) - درس قرآن
Punishment of killing a Muslim erroneously
Suratun-Nisaaa’ (The Women) – Chapter – 4)
BisMillaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
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92a. It is not for a believer to kill a believer
unless (it be) by mistake. And he who hath killed a believer by mistake must
set free a believing slave, and pay the blood-money to the family of the
slain, unless they remit it as a charity. If he (the victim) be of a people
hostile unto you, and he is a believer, then (the penance is) to set free a
believing slave.
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92a. Wa maa kaana li-Mu’-mi-nin
‘any-yaqtula Mu’-minan ‘illaa khata-‘aa. Wa
man qatala Mu’-minan khata-‘an fatah-riiru
raqabatim-Mu’-minatinw-wa di-yatum-musalla-matun ‘ilaaa
‘ahlihiii ‘illaaa ‘any-yas-saddaquu. Fa-‘in
kaana min- qawmin ‘aduwwil-lakum wa huwa
Mu’-minun- fatah-riiru raqaba-tim-Mu’-minah.
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Commentary
Tah-riiru - (to set free),
its origin is hur and plural ‘ahraar. Hur means ‘free,
independent’.
Raqa-bati – (neck), here, meaning
of this word is ‘slave’, because slave’s neck remains in his master’s hands.
Di-yatun – (blood-money), that is
to say; the amount or part of wealth which is paid to the family of the slain
person.
Yas-saddaquu - (they remit,
exempt), the word is from sadaqah,
which means charity. Its object is that if the heirs of the killed person
forgive the killer and do not take blood-money from him, then it will be
charity from them.
Heretofore,
the Muslims were instructed that they should fight against mischievous and
treacherous hypocrites, and it is possible in the war that any Muslim is slain
erroneously or unknowingly. So punishment of this type of murder was mentioned.
It
is commanded, “It cannot be expected from a Muslim that he will kill any other
Muslim intentionally. However, if it has been happened so erroneously, then it
should be observed:
- Whether
the Muslim is from one’s own nation and country?
- Or
does he belong to any other such nation or country, whose people are not
Muslims but a treaty of peace has taken place mutually among you and them?
- Or
did he come from such disbelieving nation with whom you do not have any
agreement of peace, but both are enemies of each other and fighting?
If
the slain person is from own folk, then the killer will set free a Muslim slave
and pay the blood-money to the heirs of the slain. If he was from the nation,
with whom you have agreement of peace, then also you will set free any Muslim
slave and pay the blood-money to his infidel heirs. If he belonged to the enemy
nation, then you would have to set free a Muslim slave only. In this case
paying the blood-money is not compulsory.
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